Tumor Lysis Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Risk Factors, Management Strategies, and Prognostic Indicators

Mohammed Al-abbadi; Samer Al Hadidi

doi:10.58877/japaj.v1i3.85

Authors

Mohammed Al-abbadi School Of Medicine, Univirsity Of Jordan
Samer Al Hadidi Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58877/japaj.v1i3.85

Abstract

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is an oncological emergency that occurs when cancer cells are rapidly destroyed, causing metabolic disturbances and potentially life-threatening complications. It is essential to promptly prevent and recognize TLS to ensure effective management. TLS can lead to endothelial dysfunction, hyperuricemia, and/or acute renal failure. Additionally, it commonly manifests as metabolic imbalances such as hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia. In this review, we aim to offer a comprehensive understanding of TLS, including its epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, and clinical presentation.

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